Introduction to General and Applied Entomology

The book Introduction to General and Applied Entomology 3rd Ed is written by V.B. Awasthi. It contains 47 chapters in total in 4 parts. This textbook aims to provide an up-to-date, general and applied account of Entomology which is written in a simple and lucid language keeping in view the syllabi of Entomology in M.Sc. Zoology M.Sc. (Ag.) of various Indian Universities. The book will also be useful to those who are preparing for competitive examinations conducted by various central state Government agencies for recruitment.

PART I - GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY
1. The Integument Cuticle; Composition of cuticle ; External processes of the integument; (i) Cellular out growths; (ii) Non-cellular out growths
2. The Head and its Appendage Orientation of the head; (i) Sclerites and sutures; Antennae - Types of antennae; Mouth parts - Types of mouth parts
3. The Thorax and its Appendages
Thoracic segments; Wings; Origin; Structure; Articulation; Margins; Angles etc.; Venation, hypothetical wing venation; Kinds of wings and cells; Modification of veins; Legs - Types of legs
4. The Abdomen and its Appendages
Male genitalia; Female genitalia
5. The Digestive System
The alimentary canal ; Stomodaeum; Mesenteron; Proctodaeum; Cephalic glands; Functions of saliva
6. Nutrition
Nutritional requirements; Micro-organisms as a source of accessory substances
7. Digestion and Absorption
Digestive enzymes; pH Enzyme relationship; Temperature; Activators and inhibitors; Absorption
8. The Circulatory System
Components of the circulatory system; Composition of blood; Functions, and Circulation of blood; Beat and control of heart beat
9. The Excretory System
Malpighian tubules ; Stimules to urine formation ; Function of malpighian tubules; Composition of urine; Labial glands; Nephrocytes; Urate cells; Excretion by gut
10. The Respiratory System
Development, structure and modifications of tracheae ; General plan of tracheation; Types of respiratory systems; Types of spiracles;
Mechanism of opening and closing of spiracles; Physiology of respiration; Respiratory adaption in aquatic insects ; Resplratry adaptions in parasitic forms.
11. The Nervous System Nerve cells; Central nervous system; Sympathetic nervous system; Stomodaeal nervous system; Ventral sympathetic
nervous system; Caudal and peripheral nervous system ; Modifications of the nervous system; Transmission of nerve impulses
12. The Sense Organs
Trichoid sensilla; Campani form sensilla; Chordotonal organs; Basiconic sensilla ; Coeloconic sensilla; Placodea
13. The Sound Producing Organs
Friction between part of the body and any external object ; Friction caused between two parts of the insect body; By wing vibration; By the vibration of special structures of the body; Sound of miscellaneous and unknown origin
14. The Photo Receptor and Photogenic Organs
Photo receiptor organs; Ocelli; Compound eyes; Structure of ommatidium; Types of compound eyes; Formation of image ; Photogenic or Biolumeniescent organs.
15. The Endocrine Organs
The neurosecretory cells; Synthesis of neurosecretory material; Transport of neurosecretory material; Neurohaemal organs; The corpora
cardiaca; The cephalic aorta ; Corpora allata; Ecdysial glands; Release of hormones.
16. Some Hormonally Regulated Phenomena
Hormonal control of metamorphosis; heart beat; diapause; reproduction; metabolism; pigmentation of euticle; green/brown polymorphism in Locustsand grasshoppess.
17. The Pheromones
18. The Reproductive Organs
The female reproductive organs; The ovaries; Structure of ovariole; Types of egg tubes; Genital ducts and accessory structures; The male reproductive organs; Testes; Genital ducts and accessory structures; Mating, sperm transfer and fertilization; Special modes of reproduction
19. The Development
Structure of egg; Cleavage & blastoderm formation; Germ band formation; Embryonic coverings & blastokinesis; Formation of germ layers;
Segmentation embryo; Organogenesis; Eclosion.
20. The Metamorphosis
Types of metamorphosis; Types of larvae; Types of pupae

PART II – APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY
21. Chemical Control
Formulation of insecticides - Dusts, granule formulations, insecticides fertilizer mixture, wettable powders, solutions, emulsifiable
concentrates, insecticidal aerosoles, fumigants, miscellaneous formulations; Classification of insecticides; Inorganic insecticides; Organic
insecticides; Insecticides of plant origin; Organic oils - (Summer oil, Dormant oils, Superior spray oils, Emulsifiable oils, Tank mix oils); Synthetic insecticides; Chlorinated hydrocarbons; Organophosphorus ; compounds; Systemic insecticides; Fumigants; Antifeedants; Attractants; Repellants; recautionary measures
22. Insecticidal Application Equipments
23. Cultural Control
24. Physical and Mechanical Control
25. Biological Control
26. Insect Hormones as Pesticedes
27. Plant Quarantine and Legal Control
28. Integrated Control

BIOLOGY AND CONTROL OF INSECT PESTS

29. Pests of stored Grains
Sitophilus oryzae; Rizopertha dominica; Trogoderma granarium; Tribolium castaneum; Callosobruchus chinensis; Citotroga cerealella; Corcyra cephalonica; Methods of control of stored grain pests
30. Pests of Cotton and Fibre Crops
Dysdercus koenigii; Earias fabia; Pectenophora gossypiella; Spodoptera exigua ; Utetheisa pulchella; Holotrichia consaguinea; Oxycaraneus laetus
31. Pests of Sugarcane
Pyrilla perpusilla; Aleurolobus barodensis; Scirpophaga nivella; Emmalocera depressile
32. Pests of Oil Seeds
Achaea janata; Aphids; Athalia sp.; Bagrada cruciferarum
33. Pests of pulses
Agrotis ypsilon; Heliothes armigera; Prodenia litura
34. Pests of sorghum
Atherigona varia; Calocoris angustatus
35. Pests of Crops yielding cereal products
Chilo zonallus; Leptocorisa varicornis; Hieroglyphus banian; Sesamia inferns; Mythemna separata; Hispa armigera
36. Polyphagous Pests
Termites; Schistocerca gregaria; Amsacta
37. Household Insects
Periplaneta americana; Blatta orientalis; Supella supellectilium; Blatella germanica; Musca domestica; Cimex lectularius; Pediculus humanus; Tineola; Mosquitoes; Lepisma saccharina; Gryllodes sigillatus; Black ants
38. Pests of Fruits and Vegetables
Aulacophora foveicollis; Idiocerus atkinsoni; Dacus; Ophideres; Plusia orichalcea; Papilio demoleus; Epilachna beetles; Leucinodes orbonalis.
39. Beneficial Insects
Honey bees; Honey as food; Honey as tonic; Honey as medicine; Bees wax; Uses of wax; Bees; The lac - Uses of lac; The silk and Silkworms
40. Pests of Veterinary Importance
Hypoderma; Xyanopsilla; Stomaxys; Tabanus; Cattle lice; Hippobosca
41. Pests of Forestry
Hoplocerumbyx spinicornis; Xylotrechus buquete; Batocera horsfieldi; Batocera rufimaculata; Dinoderus; Sinoxylon; Lyctus africanus; Cryptorhynchus; Rhynchophorus ferrugineus; Oryctes rhinoceros; Control measeers
PART III - ECOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR
42. Light
43. Humidity
44. Temperature
45. Tropisms In Insects
46. Ecological Aspects of Diapause
47. Language of Bees & Their Behaviour
Appendix - Principal Orders of Insects
Selected Bibliography
Index

This text book aims at to provide an up to date, general and applied account of Entomology which is written in a simple and lucid language keeping in view the syllabi of Entomology in M.Sc. Zoology M.Sc. (Ag.) of various Indian Universities. The book will also be useful to those who are preparing for competitive examinations conducted by various central state Government agencies for recruitment. The book is equally useful to those dealing with pests and pest control. It is hoped the book will be useful not only to students but also to agriculturist, horticulturist, foresters, veterinary and clinical doctors and laymen dealing with pest control.

English